National name: Republik Indonesia
Current government officials
Languages: Bahasa Indonesia (official), English, Dutch, Javanese, and more than 580 other languages and dialects
Ethnicity/race: Javanese 45%, Sundanese 14%, Madurese 7.5%, coastal Malays 7.5%, other 26%
Religions: Islam 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist 1% (1998)
National Holiday: Independence Day, August 17
Literacy rate: 90% (2004 est.)
Economic
summary: GDP/PPP (2007 est.): $845.6 billion; per capita $3,400. Real
growth rate: 6.1%. Inflation: 6.3%. Unemployment: 9.7%. Arable land:
11%. Agriculture: rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa,
coffee, palm oil, copra; poultry, beef, pork, eggs. Labor force: 108
million (2007 est.); agriculture 43.3%, industry 18%, services 38.7%
(2004 est.). Industries: petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel,
footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food,
tourism. Natural resources: petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber,
bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver. Exports: $118.4
billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood,
textiles, rubber. Imports: $86.24 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): machinery
and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs. Major trading partners:
Japan, U.S., Singapore, South Korea, China, Taiwan, Malaysia (2006).
Communications:
Telephones: main lines in use: 14.821 million (2006); mobile cellular:
63.803 million (2006). Radio broadcast stations: AM 678, FM 43,
shortwave 82 (1998). Television broadcast stations: 54 (2006). Internet
hosts: 559,359 (2007). Internet users: 16 million (2005).
Transportation:
Railways: total: 6,458 km (2006). Highways: total: 368,360 km; paved:
213,649 km; unpaved: 154,711 km (2006 est.). Waterways: 21,579 km; note:
Sumatra 5,471 km, Java and Madura 820 km, Kalimantan 10,460 km,
Sulawesi (Celebes) 241 km, Irian Jaya 4,587 km (2007). Ports and
harbors: Banjarmasin, Belawan, Ciwandan, Krueg Geukueh, Palembang,
Panjang, Sungai Pakning, Tanjung Perak, Tanjung Priok. Airports: 652
(2007).
International disputes: East Timor-Indonesia Boundary
Committee continues to meet, survey and delimit land boundary, but
several sections of the boundary remain unresolved; Indonesia and East
Timor contest the sovereignty of the uninhabited coral island of Palau
Batek/Fatu Sinai, which hinders a decision on a northern maritime
boundary; a 1997 treaty between Indonesia and Australia settled some
parts of their maritime boundary but outstanding issues remain; ICJ's
award of Sipadan and Ligitan islands to Malaysia in 2002 left maritime
boundary in the hydrocarbon-rich Celebes Sea in dispute, culminating in
hostile confrontations in March 2005 over concessions to the Ambalat oil
block; the ICJ decision has prompted Indonesia to assert claims to and
to establish a presence on its smaller outer islands; Indonesia and
Singapore pledged in 2005 to finalize their 1973 maritime boundary
agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Batam Island; Indonesian
secessionists, squatters, and illegal migrants create repatriation
problems for Papua New Guinea; piracy remains a problem in the Malacca
Strait.